2 - bet
ב can be pronounced either /b/ or /v/. In vocalized texts (texts that include nikud), בּ with a dagesh (a dot in the letter) is pronounced /b/, while ב (without a dagesh) is pronounced /v/. When the text is not vocalized, there is no graphic difference between bet and vet.
At the beginning of a word, ב is always pronounced /b/:
בית (house)
At the end of a word or syllable, it is pronounced /v/:
יושב (sit)
In the middle, it can be either:
The one-letter particle ב /be/ means "in" or "at". It is affixed to the word that follows.
בחיפה (in Haifa)